
Advanced Surgical Technologies in cancer care have dramatically evolved to improve precision, reduce complications, and enhance patient recovery.

Immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that helps your immune system (your body’s natural defense) fight cancer.

Targeted therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses special drugs to attack specific parts of cancer cells—like a laser that locks onto a target.

A liquid biopsy is a simple blood test (sometimes using urine or other fluids) that looks for tiny pieces of cancer-related material in your body

Biomarker identification is the process of finding biological signs (like certain molecules, genes, or proteins in the body) that tell us

Genomic profiling (also called molecular profiling or tumor sequencing) is a way doctors look closely at the DNA—and sometimes RNA—of a cancer tumor

Personalized and Precision Cancer Care refers to tailoring treatment strategies based on an individual’s genomic profile, tumor biology,

Clopidogrel requires activation by the CYP2C19 enzyme. Loss-of-function alleles can reduce active metabolite exposure 5 to 10-fold.

Clopidogrel requires activation by the CYP2C19 enzyme. Loss-of-function alleles can reduce active metabolite exposure 5 to 10-fold.

Clinical MH crises occur in roughly 1 in 10,000 pediatric and 1 in 50,000 adult anesthetics.

Irinotecan's active metabolite (SN-38) is inactivated by UGT1A1. Reduced-function alleles (*28, *6) slow this process, increasing SN-38 exposure and the risk of severe side effects.

Clopidogrel requires activation by the CYP2C19 enzyme. Loss-of-function alleles can reduce active metabolite exposure 5 to 10-fold.