Fetal movement is one of the most reassuring signs that your baby is healthy and developing well. Here is what every expectant mother should know.
When does fetal movement begin?
A baby’s muscular system begins developing at 6 weeks, and the arms and legs start moving shortly after – though these early movements are too small to feel. Mothers typically begin to feel movement during the middle of the second trimester:
- 18 weeks (4.5 months) – first-time mothers may begin to notice movement
- 20 weeks (5 months) – movement is more commonly felt by first-time mothers
- Women who have been pregnant before often recognize the sensation earlier
Why does fetal movement matter?
Movement requires muscles, and muscles require oxygen and nutrients delivered through the placenta. Fetal movement is therefore a direct indicator of the baby’s wellbeing. A healthy baby typically moves at least 10 times per day.
When oxygen or nutrient supply to the baby is reduced – for any reason – movement decreases. This is the body’s way of conserving energy.
What can cause reduced fetal movement?
Placenta-related causes:
- Placental insufficiency (reduced placental function)
- Umbilical cord entanglement
- Bleeding behind the placenta
Maternal health conditions:
- Diabetes
- Heart disease
- Asthma
- Nutritional deficiency
- Preeclampsia (pregnancy-induced hypertension)
What should you do if your baby is moving less than usual?
If you notice your baby is moving less than normal, or if you have any concern about your baby’s movement patterns, do not wait. Contact your obstetrician promptly for assessment.
