Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition that typically occurs during extremely hot weather. It results from prolonged exposure to high temperatures, causing the body’s core temperature to rise to dangerous levels. Without immediate medical intervention, heat stroke can lead to severe damage to the heart, brain, kidneys, and muscles — and may be fatal.
Recognize the Warning Signs of Heat Stroke
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Body temperature exceeding 40°C (104°F)
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Dry, hot skin with little or no sweating
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Rapid heartbeat and palpitations
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Low blood pressure
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Intense thirst
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Dizziness, headache, confusion, or fainting
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Nausea, vomiting, and fatigue
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In severe cases, seizures, muscle rigidity, and unconsciousness may occur
First Aid for Suspected Heat Stroke
If you suspect someone is experiencing heat stroke, take immediate action before transporting them to the hospital:
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Move the person to a shaded, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight.
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Lay them flat with legs elevated to enhance cerebral blood flow.
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Loosen or remove excess clothing to facilitate heat dissipation.
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Apply cool, damp cloths or ice packs to the neck, armpits, groin, and forehead. Use a fan to increase evaporative cooling.
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If the person is conscious, encourage them to drink plenty of water.
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Seek emergency medical attention without delay.
Preventing Heat Stroke
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Drink at least 8 glasses of water daily.
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Wear lightweight, light-colored, breathable clothing.
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Use sunscreen with SPF 15 or higher — avoid applying it too thickly.
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Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or strenuous outdoor activity during peak heat.
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Refrain from consuming alcohol.
If someone shows symptoms of heat stroke:
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Move them into a cool, shaded area with good airflow.
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Lay them flat with legs raised to improve circulation.
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Remove excess clothing and loosen undergarments.
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Apply cold compresses to the neck, forehead, armpits, and groin, and use a fan to accelerate cooling.
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If they are conscious, give them water to drink immediately.
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Transport the person to the hospital as quickly as possible.
If the person is unconscious, call emergency services immediately.
Emergency Ambulance Hotline: 0-5505-1700
Special thanks to Phyathai Hospital for the medical information provided.
