Basic Aquatic Rescue and First Aid for Drowning Victims

When encountering a drowning situation, the first priority is to call for help from people nearby.
Remember the key principle:

“Shout – Throw – Reach”

Do NOT jump into the water to rescue the victim, even if you can swim. Attempting to rescue directly may put both you and the victim in danger.

1. SHOUT

Reassure the victim loudly and clearly:

“Stay calm! Help is coming!”

Encouragement can help reduce panic and keep the victim afloat longer while assistance is being prepared.

2. THROW

Throw a floating object to the victim, such as:

• Lifebuoy
• Life jacket
• Plastic container
• Floating device
• Any object that can float

If available, tie a rope to the floating device before throwing it.

Proper Throwing Technique

• Lower your body to reduce your center of gravity.
• Keep your eyes on the victim at all times.
• Stand with one foot forward and one foot behind for stability.
• Hold the end of the rope with your non-dominant hand (same side as the front foot).
• Hold the floating device firmly with your dominant hand.
• Swing your arm backward, then forward in a controlled motion.
• Release the device when it reaches eye level.
• Aim to throw the device past the victim’s head so the rope lands within reach.
• Slowly pull the rope once the victim grabs the device.
• Lean your body away from the water while pulling to maintain balance and safety.

3. REACH

If the victim is close to the pool edge or shore:

• Lie flat on the ground near the edge to prevent being pulled into the water.
• Hold one end of the rescue equipment securely.
• Extend the object toward the victim and instruct them to grab it.
• If using a long pole or stick, hold it firmly with both hands.
• Keep your body low to maintain stability.
• Once the victim grasps the object, slowly pull them toward safety.
• Step back carefully while pulling the victim out of the water.

After Removing the Victim from the Water

If the victim is unconscious:
Follow Basic Life Support (BLS) guidelines immediately.

Important precautions:

• Do NOT press the abdomen to force water out.
• Do NOT insert fingers into the throat to induce vomiting.
• Do NOT carry the victim over the shoulder to drain water.
• Do NOT delay calling for emergency assistance.

📞 Call Emergency Medical Services immediately: 1669